Distribution Study of Migratory Bird in Surabaya East Coast as Introduction to Predict Species Adaptation through Global Warming Impact

Distribution is an important study in ecology to understand the species biogeography and the utilization of species in the landscape. The study of species distribution can be conducted by spatial landscape analysis. Furthermore, distribution study of migratory birds will, in turn, contribute in to have a better understanding of climate change effect in ecosystem area. This research aimed to understand the distribution of migratory bird both in local and global flyway migration. The distribution study used mapping methods and the spatial distribution of migratory birds would be displayed through ordination methods to investigate the habitat preferences of migratory birds in 2016. More influential environmental factors are analyzed by RDA (Redundancy Analysis) through CANOCO for Windows 4.5. The results showed that the distribution of migratory birds in Surabaya east coast was uneven on the overall area. Migratory birds species found in Surabaya east coast covered 21 species included six families from Alcediniidae, Scolopacidae, Charadriidae, Laridae, Phalacrocoraidae, and Ardeidae. The preference habitats for migratory birds are bosem and ponds. The RDA diagram shows that environmental factors such as light penetration and temperature were not influential towards the distribution of migratory birds, whereas the humidity effects on the distribution of migratory birds (p = 0.002). Moreover, migratory birds are responding to recent climate change in a variety of ways.